3 Basic Concepts

Digital Twin is a set of data and mathematical models used to estimate the behavior of a target system and its environment throughout the life cycle. These estimates are required to manage the performance and efficiency of the target system.

The place of the Digital Twin in the asset management system

Definition of Digital Twin by Gartner A digital twin is a digital representation of a real-world entity or system. The implementation of a digital twin is an encapsulated software object or model that mirrors a unique physical object, process, organization, person or other abstraction. Data from multiple digital twins can be aggregated for a composite view across a number of real-world entities, such as a power plant or a city, and their related processes

City Digital Twin is a set of indicators characterizing the dynamics of social, economic and natural-anthropogenic development of territories connected by a set of mathematical models. It allows users, without the intervention of an observer, to carry out scenario-based assessments and determine and correct goal achievement programs (or plans) that are optimal in terms of resources.

Intersectoral balance (IB) is an integrated system of indicators characterizing the movement of economic resources through an economic structure (from the spheres of final and domestic consumption to value-added formation and distribution) in the context of types of economic activity, administrative division (interterritorial balance), formed for reporting and forecast periods.

IB model is an econometric model of the intersectoral balance that describes the structural and dynamic relationships of the characteristics of the IB for solving flow problems faced in analysis, forecasting, planning, and impact assessment. The IB model is one of the supporting (balance) models of the City Digital Twin and determines the structural foundations of the economic dynamics of the territory.

The input-output method – as the methodological basis of the IB in City Digital Twin, it can be generalized in terms of socio-economic dynamics and projected onto special cases, including fuel, energy, and interterritorial balances.